The NIST Cybersecurity Framework (CSF) 2.0 is the first major update since its creation in 2014. It was finalized in early 2024. This article reviews some of the important changes in CSF 2.0 compared with v1.1, briefly examines how v2.0 improves alignment with other cybersecurity standards and frameworks and compares CSF 2.0 with the ISO […]
FAQ
What are the elements of secure boot processes?
The secure boot protects devices from unauthorized modification by verifying the authenticity of the boot code. Its importance is growing as society digitalizes and the number of devices on the Internet of Things (IoT) soars. A secure boot prevents an adversary from compromising device operation. This article reviews the basic elements of secure boot processes, […]
How are AI and ML used for advanced threat detection?
The increasing number of threat vectors and the growing size of the attack surface in today’s communication and computer networks demand more powerful and faster threat detection. Legacy tools are no longer adequate. To ensure cybersecurity, high-speed threat detection based on artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) is increasingly being deployed. This article reviews […]
How does DMA enable efficient data transfer in microcontrollers?
Direct memory access (DMA) allows peripherals to transfer data directly to and from memory without requiring the CPU to handle each cycle. As the CPU’s role is minimized, DMA enables the CPU to perform other high-priority tasks and ensures faster data transfers in the background. How does the DMA controller work to reduce the load […]
10Base-T1S simplifies automotive zonal architectures
By Andreas Pellkofer and Madhura Deyanda Poonacha, Analog Devices Automakers aim to provide vehicles with home-like comfort and entertainment, which raises demand for electronic control units (ECUs). Older bus technologies and electrical/electronic architectures struggle to keep up. 10Base-T1S Ethernet is transforming cars into fully connected experiences. Automotive electronic control units (ECUs), which control each component […]
How software segregation minimizes the impact of AI/ML on safety-critical software
With the growing use of artificial intelligence and machine learning in safety-critical software, developers are considering software segregation and guardian applications to mitigate functional safety risks. By Mark Pitchford, LDRA The push toward artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) in embedded systems raises questions about adapting functional safety processes and tools to achieve compliance. […]
What is the automotive SENT protocol?
Get the basics on the SENT bus, which transmits sensor data to ECUs and other vehicle processors, one nibble at a time. How do you test the automotive SENT protocol? Test & Measurement Tips describes how to test the data bus. The Single Edge Nibble Transmission (SENT) protocol defines an approach to data communications in […]
How is Zephyr used for edge AI and sensors?
Zephyr is a scalable open-source real-time operating system (RTOS) hosted by the Internet of Things (IoT) and embedded technology section of the Linux Foundation. Its modular architecture makes it highly flexible and suitable for resource-constrained edge devices and sensors. This article reviews Zephyr’s structure and features, examines how Zephyr supports neural networks, and discusses how […]
How do AI and ML enhance SASE security?
Secure Access Service Edge (SASE) has emerged as a leading architecture for cloud deployments. Its primary function is to provide comprehensive cloud-based secure access while maintaining seamless access to data and applications for users of cloud computing services. This article compares SASE with a traditional network architecture and then looks at how artificial intelligence (AI) […]
How is HIL testing used for onboard EV chargers?
Hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) testing is a real-time simulation that enables designers to test embedded code for EV chargers without needing the actual system hardware. It speeds development efforts and reduces development costs. This article begins with an overview of HIL testing and onboard chargers (OBCs), looks at specific types of HIL testing applied to OBCs, and […]
